The psalmist uses two parallel rhetorical questions to demolish the illogic of atheistic denial by appealing to creation order, if God disciplines entire nations and imparts knowledge to humanity, He obviously possesses both the authority to punish and the omniscience to judge justly.

No verbal response is recorded, as these are rhetorical questions demanding mental assent rather than spoken reply; the psalm continues by asserting God’s knowledge of human thoughts (Psalm 94:11).

The psalmist confronts atheistic despair with irrefutable logic drawn from observable reality. The Hebrew yasar (disciplines) and yada’ (knows) form a chiastic structure emphasizing both action and perception. God’s correction of nations proves His engagement, while His teaching of humanity proves His omniscience. Why phrase this as questions rather than assertions? Because the interrogative form forces the skeptic into intellectual honesty, making denial absurd rather than merely incorrect. The first question establishes God’s governance over geopolitics, the second His penetration of human epistemology. Together they dismantle the fool’s comfortable fiction that sin escapes notice. The theological weight is immense: if the Creator embedded knowledge in human consciousness, He possesses exhaustive awareness of every thought and deed, making judgment both inevitable and perfectly informed.